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Test Case: virt-install

Targets

  1. Setup virtualization env
  2. Manually install vm
  3. Automating install vm

Test Env

  1. Laptop: Thinkpad x390
  2. Ethernet does work
  3. Alpine Linux(5.15.12-0-lts) as the host OS
  4. CentOS 8 as the guest OS

Test date
Jan 31, 2022

Table

  1. Software Env
    • Install virtualization softwares
    • Enableing the virtualization env
    • Install Apache web server and mount ISO for remote installation
  2. VM installation
    • Manually install
    • Automating install -- use kickstart file
    • Batch install
  3. Appendix: Get the kickstart file

SoftwareEnv

Install virtualization softwares

# apk add virt-manager virt-viewer virt-install  
# apk add libvirt-daemon libvirt-client  
# apk add qemu-img qemu-system-x86_64 qemu-modules  
# apk openrc cdrkit

Enableing the virtualization env

  1. Enable VT-d feature on BIOS setup
  2. Enable intel_iommu=on for kernel grub
  3. Install virtualization modules
# modprobe tun vfio fuse vhost_net
  1. Enable and start the libvirtd service
# rc-update add libvirtd  
# rc-service libvirtd start
  1. Valify the host KVM requirements
# virt-host-validate
  1. Download the CentOS-8-x86_64-1905-dvd1.iso ISO and then store properly

Install Apache web server and mount ISO for remote installation

  1. Install apache2 package
# apk add apache2
  1. Enable and start the apache web server
# rc-update add apache2  
# rc-service start apache2
  1. Mount the ISO for the apache server
# mkdir /var/www/localhost/htdocs/iso
# mount /media/qemu/CentOS-8-x86_64-1905-dvd1.iso /var/www/localhost/htdocs/iso
  1. Get the host ip first
# ip a | grep inet
inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host **lo**
inet 192.168.10.10/24 brd 192.168.10.255 scope global **wlan0**
inet 192.168.122.1/24 brd 192.168.122.255 scope global **virbr0**

Non-localhost IPs: 192.168.10.10 and 192.168.122.1, pick up one of them for the test
5. Open the host's browser to check the web site does work, input

VM-installation

Manually install

  • Manually install from CDROM, commands as the following shows
# virt-install --debug --virt-type kvm --name kvm-cdrom --vcpus 2 --ram 2048 --os-variant rhel8.0 --cdrom /media/CentOS-8-x86_64-1905-dvd1.iso --network default --graphics vnc --disk size=10
  • Manually install from Location(very similar with CDROM), commands as the following shows
# virt-install --debug --virt-type kvm --name kvm-location --vcpus 2 --ram 2048 --os-variant rhel8.0 --location /media/CentOS-8-x86_64-1905-dvd1.iso --network default --graphics vnc --disk size=10 --extra-args ro

(DNF error: error in posttrans scriptlet in rpm package kernel-core, workaround by adding --extra-args ro)

  • Manually install from Network, commands as the following shows

    Use the wlan0's IP or use the virbr0's IP

# virt-install --debug --virt-type kvm --name kvm-net --vcpus 2 --ram 2048 --os-variant rhel8.0 --location http://192.168.10.10/iso --network default --graphics vnc --disk size=10

# virt-install --debug --virt-type kvm --name kvm-net-virbr --vcpus 2 --ram 2048 --os-variant rhel8.0 --location http://192.168.122.1/iso --network default --graphics vnc --disk size=10

Automating install -- use kickstart file

  • Automting install from ISO , commands as the following shows
    (kickstart file: ks.cfg from kvm-cdrom)
# virt-install --debug --virt-type kvm --name kvm-auto-location --vcpus 2 --ram 2048 --os-variant rhel8.0 --location /media/CentOS-8-x86_64-1905-dvd1.iso --network default --graphics vnc --disk size=10 -x ks=http://192.168.122.1/ks.cfg
  • Automting install from Network , commands as the following shows
    (kickstart file: ks.cfg from kvm-net-virbr)
# virt-install --debug --virt-type kvm --name kvm-auto-net --vcpus 2 --ram 2048 --os-variant rhel8.0 --location http://192.168.122.1/iso --network default --graphics vnc --disk size=10 -x ks=http://192.168.122.1/ks.cfg

Batch install

Automating create five VMs, script: batch-vm.sh

#!/bin/bash
cmds=(
  virt-install
  --debug
  --virt-type kvm
  --vcpus 2
  --ram 2048
  --os-variant rhel8.0
  --location http://192.168.122.1/iso
  --network default
  --graphics vnc
  --disk size=10
  -x "ks=http://192.168.122.1/ks.cfg"
)
for i in {1..5} ;{
  vms=(${cmds[@]} --name kvm-$i)
  echo ${vms[@]} && echo ${vms[@]}
  sleep 10
}

Perform the script and then wait it done.

Appendix

(Get the kickstart file)

  1. Create the virtual disk
# qemu-img create -f qcow2 /media/qemu/data.qcow2 10G
  1. Make filesystem
# mkfs.ext4 /media/qemu/data.qcow2
  1. Add the vdisk for the vm(e.g., kvm-cdrom)
# virsh edit kvm-cdrom

(Merge the following xml configs<disk>...</disk> into the vm xml between with the <devices> ... </devices> )

<devices>
 ...
  <disk type='file' device='disk'>
    <driver name='qemu' type='raw'/>
    <source file='/media/qemu/data.qcow2'/>
    <target dev='vdb' bus='virtio'/>
    <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x08' slot='0x00' function='0x0'/>
  </disk>
 ...
</devices>
  1. Start the vm
# virsh start kvm-cdrom
  1. Login the vm
# virt-viewer
  1. Mount the vdisk which name is vdb
# mount /dev/vdb /mnt
  1. Copy the kickstart file: /root/anaconda.cfg
# cp /root/anaconda.cfg /mnt/ks.cfg
  1. Umount and shutdown the vm
# umount /mnt && poweroff
  1. Host the ks.cfg
# mount /media/qemu/data.qcow2 /mnt 
# cp /mnt/ks.cfg /var/www/localhost/htdocs/ks.cfg
# chmod +r /var/www/localhost/htdocs/ks.cfg
# umount /mnt