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instructionIndex[1] = 65;
numberText[0] = '1.';
questionText[0] = '<div class=\'default\'> Gmail is an example of which of the following Cloud Computing Models?</div><div ' +
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'width=\'46%\'><span class=\'default\'>Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)</span></td><td width=\'4%\'><div class=\'choice\'>c.</div></td><td ' +
'width=\'46%\'><span class=\'default\'>Software as a Service (SaaS)</span></td></tr><tr ' +
'valign=\'baseline\'><td><div class=\'choice\'>b.</div></td><td><span class=\'default\'> Platform as a Service ' +
'(PaaS)</span></td><td><div class=\'choice\'>d.</div></td><td><span class=\'default\'>Function as a Service ' +
'(FaaS)<br></span></td></tr></table></div>';
answerText[0] = '<div class=\'default\'>C</div><div class=\'default\'>Correct option:<br> Software as a ' +
'Service (SaaS)<br> Software as a Service (SaaS) provides you with a complete ' +
'product that is run and managed by the service provider. With a SaaS offering, you don’t have ' +
'to think about how the service is maintained or how the underlying infrastructure is managed. You ' +
'only need to think about how you will use that particular software. Gmail is an example of a SaaS ' +
'service.<br> Overview of Cloud Computing Types: via – ' +
'https://aws.amazon.com/types-of-cloud-computing/<br> Incorrect ' +
'options:<br> Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) – Infrastructure as a Service ' +
'(IaaS) contains the basic building blocks for cloud IT. It typically provides access to networking ' +
'features, computers (virtual or on dedicated hardware), and data storage space. IaaS gives the ' +
'highest level of flexibility and management control over IT resources. EC2 is an example of an IaaS ' +
'service.<br> Platform as a Service (PaaS) – Platform as a Service (PaaS) ' +
'removes the need to manage underlying infrastructure (usually hardware and operating systems), and ' +
'allows you to focus on the deployment and management of your applications. You don’t need to ' +
'worry about resource procurement, capacity planning, software maintenance, patching, or any of the ' +
'other undifferentiated heavy lifting involved in running your application. Beanstalk is an example of ' +
'a PaaS service.<br> Function as a Service (FaaS) – Function as a service ' +
'(FaaS) is a category of cloud computing services that provides a platform allowing customers to ' +
'develop, run, and manage application functionalities without the complexity of building and ' +
'maintaining the infrastructure typically associated with developing and launching an app. Lambda is ' +
'an example of a FaaS service.<br> Reference:<br> ' +
'https://aws.amazon.com/types-of-cloud-computing/</div>';
numberText[1] = '2.';
questionText[1] = '<div class=\'default\'>A medical device company is looking for a durable and cost-effective way of ' +
'storing their historic data. Due to compliance requirements, the data must be stored for 10 years. ' +
'Which AWS Storage solution will you suggest?<br><br></div><div class=\'default\'><table cellpadding=\'0\' cellspacing=\'0\' width=\'95%\' border=\'0\'><tr valign=\'baseline\'><td width=\'4%\'><div class=\'choice\'>a.</div></td><td ' +
'width=\'46%\'><span class=\'default\'>S3 Glacier Deep Archive</span></td><td width=\'4%\'><div class=\'choice\'>c.</div></td><td ' +
'width=\'46%\'><span class=\'default\'>AWS Storage Gateway</span></td></tr><tr valign=\'baseline\'><td><div class=\'choice\'>b.</div></td><td><span ' +
'class=\'default\'>S3 Glacier</span></td><td><div class=\'choice\'>d.</div></td><td><span ' +
'class=\'default\'>Amazon EFS</span></td></tr></table></div>';
answerText[1] = '<div class=\'default\'>A</div><div class=\'default\'>Correct option:<br> S3 Glacier Deep ' +
'Archive<br> S3 Glacier Deep Archive is Amazon S3’s lowest-cost storage class ' +
'and supports long-term retention and digital preservation for data that may be accessed once or twice ' +
'in a year. It is designed for customers — particularly those in highly-regulated industries, ' +
'such as the Financial Services, Healthcare, and Public Sectors — that retain data sets for 7-10 ' +
'years or longer to meet regulatory compliance requirements. S3 Glacier Deep Archive can also be used ' +
'for backup and disaster recovery use cases. It has a retrieval time (first byte latency) of 12 to 48 ' +
'hours.<br> S3 Glacier Deep Archive Overview: via – ' +
'https://aws.amazon.com/s3/storage-classes/<br> Incorrect ' +
'options:<br> S3 Glacier – Amazon S3 Glacier is a secure, durable, and ' +
'extremely low-cost Amazon S3 cloud storage class for data archiving and long-term backup. It is ' +
'designed to deliver 99.999999999% durability, and provide comprehensive security and compliance ' +
'capabilities that can help meet even the most stringent regulatory requirements. Glacier Deep Archive ' +
'is a better fit as it is more cost-optimal than Glacier for the given use-case.<br> ' +
'AWS Storage Gateway – AWS Storage Gateway is a hybrid cloud storage service that gives you ' +
'on-premises access to virtually unlimited cloud storage. All data transferred between the gateway and ' +
'AWS storage is encrypted using SSL (for all three types of gateways – File, Volume and Tape ' +
'Gateways). Storage Gateway cannot be used for data archival.<br> Amazon EFS – ' +
'Amazon Elastic File System (Amazon EFS) provides a simple, scalable, fully managed elastic NFS file ' +
'system for use with AWS Cloud services and on-premises resources. It is built to scale on-demand to ' +
'petabytes without disrupting applications, growing and shrinking automatically as you add and remove ' +
'files, eliminating the need to provision and manage capacity to accommodate ' +
'growth.<br> Reference:<br> ' +
'https://aws.amazon.com/s3/storage-classes/</div>';
numberText[2] = '3.';
questionText[2] = '<div class=\'default\'>A company has a static website hosted on an S3 bucket in an AWS Region in Asia. ' +
'Although most of its users are in Asia, now it wants to drive growth globally. How can it improve the ' +
'global performance of its static website?</div><div class=\'default\'><table cellpadding=\'0\' cellspacing=\'0\' width=\'95%\' border=\'0\'><tr valign=\'baseline\'><td width=\'4%\'><div class=\'choice\'>a.</div></td><td ' +
'width=\'46%\'><span class=\'default\'>Use CloudWatch to improve the performance of your ' +
'website</span></td><td width=\'4%\'><div class=\'choice\'>c.</div></td><td width=\'46%\'><span class=\'default\'>Use WAF to ' +
'improve the performance of your website</span></td></tr><tr valign=\'baseline\'><td><div class=\'choice\'>b.</div></td><td><span ' +
'class=\'default\'> Use CloudFront to improve the performance of your website</span></td><td><div ' +
'class=\'choice\'>d.</div></td><td><span class=\'default\'>Use S3 Transfer Acceleration to improve the ' +
'performance of your website</span></td></tr></table></div>';
answerText[2] = '<div class=\'default\'>B</div><div class=\'default\'>Correct option:<br> Use CloudFront to ' +
'improve the performance of your website<br> You can use Amazon CloudFront to ' +
'improve the performance of your website. CloudFront makes your website files (such as HTML, images, ' +
'and video) available from data centers around the world (called edge locations). When a visitor ' +
'requests a file from your website, CloudFront automatically redirects the request to a copy of the ' +
'file at the nearest edge location. This results in faster download times than if the visitor had ' +
'requested the content from a data center that is located farther away.<br> ' +
'Incorrect options:<br> Use CloudFormation to improve the performance of your ' +
'website – AWS CloudFormation allows you to use programming languages or a simple text file to ' +
'model and provision, in an automated and secure manner, all the resources needed for your ' +
'applications across all regions and accounts. CloudFormation cannot be used to improve the ' +
'performance of a static website.<br> Use WAF to improve the performance of your ' +
'website – By using AWS WAF, you can configure web access control lists (Web ACLs) on your ' +
'CloudFront distributions or Application Load Balancers to filter and block requests based on request ' +
'signatures. Besides, by using AWS WAF’s rate-based rules, you can automatically block the IP ' +
'addresses of bad actors when requests matching a rule exceed a threshold that you define. WAF cannot ' +
'be used to improve the performance of a static website.<br> Use S3 Transfer ' +
'Acceleration to improve the performance of your website – Amazon S3 Transfer Acceleration ' +
'enables fast, easy, and secure transfers of files over long distances between your client and an S3 ' +
'bucket. Transfer Acceleration takes advantage of Amazon CloudFront’s globally distributed edge ' +
'locations. As the data arrives at an edge location, data is routed to Amazon S3 over an optimized ' +
'network path. Transfer Acceleration cannot be used to improve the performance of a static ' +
'website.<br> References:<br> ' +
'https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonS3/latest/dev/website-hosting-cloudfront-walkthrough.html<br> ' +
'https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonS3/latest/dev/transfer-acceleration.html</div>';
numberText[3] = '4.';
questionText[3] = '<div class=\'default\'>Which of the following is the best way to protect your data from accidental ' +
'deletion on Amazon S3?</div><div class=\'default\'><table cellpadding=\'0\' cellspacing=\'0\' width=\'95%\' border=\'0\'><tr valign=\'baseline\'><td width=\'4%\'><div class=\'choice\'>a.</div></td><td ' +
'width=\'46%\'><span class=\'default\'>S3 Transfer Acceleration</span></td><td width=\'4%\'><div class=\'choice\'>c.</div></td><td ' +
'width=\'46%\'><span class=\'default\'>S3 Storage Classes</span></td></tr><tr valign=\'baseline\'><td><div class=\'choice\'>b.</div></td><td><span ' +
'class=\'default\'>S3 Versioning</span></td><td><div class=\'choice\'>d.</div></td><td><span class=\'default\'> S3 lifecycle ' +
'configuration</span></td></tr></table></div>';
answerText[3] = '<div class=\'default\'>B</div><div class=\'default\'>Correct option:<br> S3 ' +
'Versioning<br> Versioning is a means of keeping multiple variants of an object in ' +
'the same bucket. You can use versioning to preserve, retrieve, and restore every version of every ' +
'object stored in your Amazon S3 bucket. With versioning, you can easily recover from both unintended ' +
'user actions and application failures.<br> Versioning-enabled buckets enable you to ' +
'recover objects from accidental deletion or overwrite. For example: if you delete an object, instead ' +
'of removing it permanently, Amazon S3 inserts a delete marker, which becomes the current object ' +
'version.<br> S3 Versioning Overview: via – ' +
'https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonS3/latest/dev/ObjectVersioning.html<br> Incorrect ' +
'options:<br> S3 lifecycle configuration – To manage your S3 objects so that ' +
'they are stored cost-effectively throughout their lifecycle, configure their Amazon S3 Lifecycle. ' +
'With S3 Lifecycle configuration rules, you can tell Amazon S3 to transition objects to less expensive ' +
'storage classes, or archive or delete them. Lifecycle configuration will do the hard lifting of ' +
'moving your data into cost-effective storage classes without user intervention. Lifecycle ' +
'configuration is not meant to protect from accidental deletion of data.<br> S3 ' +
'Storage Classes – Amazon S3 offers a range of storage classes designed for different use cases. ' +
'These include S3 Standard for general-purpose storage of frequently accessed data; S3 ' +
'Intelligent-Tiering for data with unknown or changing access patterns; S3 Standard-Infrequent Access ' +
'(S3 Standard-IA) and S3 One Zone-Infrequent Access (S3 One Zone-IA) for long-lived, but less ' +
'frequently accessed data; and Amazon S3 Glacier (S3 Glacier) and Amazon S3 Glacier Deep Archive (S3 ' +
'Glacier Deep Archive) for long-term archive and digital preservation. Storage classes are for ' +
'different storage pattern needs that customers have, and not a data protection mechanism for ' +
'S3.<br> S3 Transfer Acceleration – Amazon S3 Transfer Acceleration enables ' +
'fast, easy, and secure transfers of files over long distances between your client and an S3 bucket. ' +
'Transfer Acceleration takes advantage of Amazon CloudFront’s globally distributed edge ' +
'locations. As the data arrives at an edge location, data is routed to Amazon S3 over an optimized ' +
'network path. Transfer Acceleration cannot be used to protect from accidental deletion of ' +
'data.<br> Reference:<br> ' +
'https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonS3/latest/dev/ObjectVersioning.html</div>';
numberText[4] = '5.';
questionText[4] = '<div class=\'default\'>Amazon CloudWatch billing metric data is stored in which AWS Region?</div><div ' +
'class=\'default\'><table cellpadding=\'0\' cellspacing=\'0\' width=\'95%\' border=\'0\'><tr valign=\'baseline\'><td width=\'4%\'><div class=\'choice\'>a.</div></td><td ' +
'width=\'46%\'><span class=\'default\'>In the AWS Region where the AWS resource is ' +
'provisioned<br></span></td><td width=\'4%\'><div class=\'choice\'>c.</div></td><td width=\'46%\'><span class=\'default\'> In the AWS ' +
'Region where the AWS account is created</span></td></tr><tr valign=\'baseline\'><td><div class=\'choice\'>b.</div></td><td><span ' +
'class=\'default\'>US West (N. California) - us-west-1</span></td><td><div ' +
'class=\'choice\'>d.</div></td><td><span class=\'default\'>US East (N. Virginia) - ' +
'us-east-1</span></td></tr></table></div>';
answerText[4] = '<div class=\'default\'>D</div><div class=\'default\'><br> Correct ' +
'option:<br> US East (N. Virginia) – us-east-1<br> You can ' +
'monitor your estimated AWS charges by using Amazon CloudWatch. Billing metric data is stored in the ' +
'US East (N. Virginia) Region and represents worldwide charges. This data includes the estimated ' +
'charges for every service in AWS that you use, in addition to the estimated overall total of your AWS ' +
'charges.<br> Incorrect options:<br> In the AWS Region where the ' +
'AWS account is created<br> In the AWS Region where the AWS resource is ' +
'provisioned<br> US West (N. California) – us-west-1<br> ' +
'These three options contradict the details provided earlier in the explanation, so these options are ' +
'incorrect.<br> Reference:<br> ' +
'https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonCloudWatch/latest/monitoring/monitor_estimated_charges_with_cloudwatch.html</div>';
numberText[5] = '6.';
questionText[5] = '<div class=\'default\'> Under the AWS Shared Responsibility Model, which of the following is the ' +
'responsibility of a customer regarding lambda functions?</div><div class=\'default\'><table cellpadding=\'0\' cellspacing=\'0\' width=\'95%\' border=\'0\'><tr valign=\'baseline\'><td width=\'4%\'><div class=\'choice\'>a.</div></td><td ' +
'width=\'46%\'><span class=\'default\'>Maintain versions of a lambda function<br></span></td><td ' +
'width=\'4%\'><div class=\'choice\'>c.</div></td><td width=\'46%\'><span class=\'default\'>Configure networking ' +
'infrastructure for the lambda functions</span></td></tr><tr valign=\'baseline\'><td><div class=\'choice\'>b.</div></td><td><span ' +
'class=\'default\'>Patch underlying OS for the lambda function infrastructure</span></td><td><div ' +
'class=\'choice\'>d.</div></td><td><span class=\'default\'>Maintain all runtime environments for lambda ' +
'functions</span></td></tr></table></div>';
answerText[5] = '<div class=\'default\'>A</div><div class=\'default\'> Correct option:<br> Maintain versions ' +
'of a lambda function<br> Under the Shared Responsibility Model, AWS is responsible ' +
'for protecting the infrastructure that runs all of the services offered in the AWS Cloud. This ' +
'infrastructure is composed of the hardware, software, networking, and facilities that run AWS Cloud ' +
'services.<br> Under the Shared Responsibility Model, Customer’s ' +
'responsibility is determined by the AWS Cloud services that a customer selects. For abstracted ' +
'services, such as Amazon S3 and Amazon DynamoDB, AWS operates the infrastructure layer, the operating ' +
'system, and platforms, and customers access the endpoints to store and retrieve data. Customers are ' +
'responsible for managing their data (including encryption options), classifying their assets, and ' +
'using IAM tools to apply the appropriate permissions.<br> For the given use-case, ' +
'the customer is responsible for maintaining the versions of a lambda function.<br> ' +
'Shared Responsibility Model Overview: via – ' +
'https://aws.amazon.com/compliance/shared-responsibility-model/<br> Incorrect ' +
'options:<br> Patch underlying OS for the lambda function ' +
'infrastructure<br> Maintain all runtime environments for lambda ' +
'functions<br> Configure networking infrastructure for the lambda ' +
'functions<br> As mentioned earlier, all these options fall under the ambit of AWS ' +
'as far as the Shared Responsibility Model is concerned.<br> ' +
'Reference:<br> ' +
'https://aws.amazon.com/compliance/shared-responsibility-model/</div>';
numberText[6] = '7.';
questionText[6] = '<div class=\'default\'>Which AWS service will you use to privately connect your VPC to Amazon ' +
'S3?</div><div class=\'default\'><table cellpadding=\'0\' cellspacing=\'0\' width=\'95%\' border=\'0\'><tr valign=\'baseline\'><td width=\'4%\'><div class=\'choice\'>a.</div></td><td ' +
'width=\'46%\'><span class=\'default\'>Amazon API Gateway<br></span></td><td width=\'4%\'><div class=\'choice\'>c.</div></td><td ' +
'width=\'46%\'><span class=\'default\'>AWS Direct Connect</span></td></tr><tr valign=\'baseline\'><td><div class=\'choice\'>b.</div></td><td><span ' +
'class=\'default\'>VPC Endpoint Gateway</span></td><td><div class=\'choice\'>d.</div></td><td><span ' +
'class=\'default\'> AWS Transit Gateway</span></td></tr></table></div>';
answerText[6] = '<div class=\'default\'>B</div><div class=\'default\'>Correct option:<br> VPC Endpoint ' +
'Gateway<br> A VPC endpoint enables you to privately connect your VPC to supported ' +
'AWS services and VPC endpoint services powered by AWS PrivateLink without requiring an internet ' +
'gateway, NAT device, VPN connection, or AWS Direct Connect connection. Instances in your VPC do not ' +
'require public IP addresses to communicate with resources in the service. Traffic between your VPC ' +
'and the other service does not leave the Amazon network.<br> There are two types of ' +
'VPC endpoints: interface endpoints and gateway endpoints.<br> An interface endpoint ' +
'is an elastic network interface with a private IP address from the IP address range of your subnet ' +
'that serves as an entry point for traffic destined to a supported service. Interface endpoints are ' +
'powered by AWS PrivateLink, a technology that enables you to privately access services by using ' +
'private IP addresses.<br> A gateway endpoint is a gateway that you specify as a ' +
'target for a route in your route table for traffic destined to a supported AWS service. The following ' +
'AWS services are supported:<br> Amazon S3<br> ' +
'DynamoDB<br> Exam Alert:<br> You may see a question around this ' +
'concept in the exam. Just remember that only S3 and DynamoDB support VPC Endpoint Gateway. All other ' +
'services that support VPC Endpoints use a VPC Endpoint Interface.<br> Incorrect ' +
'options:<br> AWS Direct Connect – AWS Direct Connect is a cloud service ' +
'solution that makes it easy to establish a dedicated network connection from your premises to AWS. ' +
'You can use AWS Direct Connect to establish a private virtual interface from your on-premise network ' +
'directly to your Amazon VPC. This private connection takes at least one month for ' +
'completion.<br> AWS Transit Gateway – AWS Transit Gateway connects VPCs and ' +
'on-premises networks through a central hub. This simplifies your network and puts an end to complex ' +
'peering relationships. It acts as a cloud router – each new connection is only made once. This ' +
'service is helpful in reducing the complex topology of VPC peering when a lot of systems are ' +
'involved.<br> Amazon API Gateway – Amazon API Gateway is a fully managed ' +
'service that makes it easy for developers to create, publish, maintain, monitor, and secure APIs at ' +
'any scale. APIs act as the “front door” for applications to access data, business logic, ' +
'or functionality from your backend services.<br> Reference:<br> ' +
'https://docs.aws.amazon.com/vpc/latest/userguide/vpc-endpoints.html</div>';
numberText[7] = '8.';
questionText[7] = '<div class=\'default\'> Which AWS service can help you forecast your next AWS bill for the services ' +
'you use?<br></div><div class=\'default\'><table cellpadding=\'0\' cellspacing=\'0\' width=\'95%\' border=\'0\'><tr valign=\'baseline\'><td width=\'4%\'><div class=\'choice\'>a.</div></td><td ' +
'width=\'46%\'><span class=\'default\'>AWS Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) Calculator</span></td><td ' +
'width=\'4%\'><div class=\'choice\'>c.</div></td><td width=\'46%\'><span class=\'default\'>AWS Billing and Cost ' +
'Management</span></td></tr><tr valign=\'baseline\'><td><div class=\'choice\'>b.</div></td><td><span ' +
'class=\'default\'>AWS Simple Monthly Calculator</span></td><td><div class=\'choice\'>d.</div></td><td><span ' +
'class=\'default\'>AWS Cost Explorer</span></td></tr></table></div>';
answerText[7] = '<div class=\'default\'>D</div><div class=\'default\'>Correct option:<br> AWS Cost ' +
'Explorer<br> A forecast is a prediction of how much you will use AWS services over ' +
'the forecast time period that you selected, based on your past usage. Forecasting provides an ' +
'estimate of what your AWS bill will be and enables you to use alarms and budgets for amounts that ' +
'you’re predicted to use.<br> AWS Cost Explorer has an easy-to-use interface ' +
'that lets you visualize, understand, and manage your AWS costs and usage over time. At the top of the ' +
'Cost Explorer page are the Month-to-date costs and Forecasted month end costs. The Forecasted month ' +
'end costs show how much Cost Explorer estimates that you will owe at the end of the month and ' +
'compares your estimates costs to your actual costs of the previous month.<br> AWS ' +
'Cost Explorer Features: via – ' +
'https://docs.aws.amazon.com/awsaccountbilling/latest/aboutv2/ce-exploring-data.html<br> ' +
'Incorrect options:<br> AWS Simple Monthly Calculator – The Simple Monthly ' +
'Calculator provides an estimate of usage charges for AWS services based on certain information you ' +
'provide. It helps customers and prospects estimate their monthly AWS bill more ' +
'efficiently.<br> AWS Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) Calculator – To estimate ' +
'the costs of migrating on-premises infrastructure to AWS, you use the AWS Total Cost of Ownership ' +
'(TCO) Calculator. The calculator can be accessed from https://awstcocalculator.com/. You cannot use ' +
'this service to forecast your next AWS bill.<br> AWS Billing and Cost Management ' +
'– AWS Billing and Cost Management is the service that you use to pay your AWS bill, monitor ' +
'your usage, and analyze and control your costs. It is the billing department for AWS services – ' +
'with necessary tools and services under its hood. You cannot use this service to forecast your next ' +
'AWS bill.<br> Reference:<br> ' +
'https://docs.aws.amazon.com/awsaccountbilling/latest/aboutv2/ce-exploring-data.html</div>';
numberText[8] = '9.';
questionText[8] = '<div class=\'default\'> Which AWS service can be used to execute code triggered by new files being ' +
'uploaded to S3?</div><div class=\'default\'><table cellpadding=\'0\' cellspacing=\'0\' width=\'95%\' border=\'0\'><tr valign=\'baseline\'><td width=\'4%\'><div class=\'choice\'>a.</div></td><td ' +
'width=\'46%\'><span class=\'default\'>EC2</span></td><td width=\'4%\'><div class=\'choice\'>c.</div></td><td ' +
'width=\'46%\'><span class=\'default\'>ECS</span></td></tr><tr valign=\'baseline\'><td><div class=\'choice\'>b.</div></td><td><span ' +
'class=\'default\'>SQS</span></td><td><div class=\'choice\'>d.</div></td><td><span ' +
'class=\'default\'>Lambda</span></td></tr></table></div>';
answerText[8] = '<div class=\'default\'>D</div><div class=\'default\'> Correct option:<br> Lambda – ' +
'AWS Lambda lets you run code without provisioning or managing servers. You pay only for the compute ' +
'time you consume. With Lambda, you can run code for virtually any type of application or backend ' +
'service – all with zero administration. Just upload your code and Lambda takes care of ' +
'everything required to run and scale your code with high availability.<br> You can ' +
'use Amazon S3 to trigger AWS Lambda to process data immediately after an upload. For example, you can ' +
'use Lambda to thumbnail images, transcode videos, index files, process logs, validate content, and ' +
'aggregate and filter data in real-time.<br> How Lambda executes code in response to ' +
'a trigger from S3: via – https://aws.amazon.com/lambda/<br> Incorrect ' +
'options:<br> EC2 – Amazon EC2 is a web service that provides secure, ' +
'resizable compute capacity in the AWS cloud. You can use EC2 to provision virtual servers on AWS ' +
'Cloud. EC2 cannot execute code via a trigger from S3.<br> ECS – Amazon ' +
'Elastic Container Service (Amazon ECS) is a highly scalable, fast, container management service that ' +
'makes it easy to run, stop, and manage Docker containers on a cluster. ECS cannot execute code via a ' +
'trigger from S3.<br> SQS – Amazon Simple Queue Service (SQS) is a fully ' +
'managed message queuing service that enables you to decouple and scale microservices, distributed ' +
'systems, and serverless applications. Using SQS, you can send, store, and receive messages between ' +
'software components at any volume, without losing messages or requiring other services to be ' +
'available.<br> Although SQS can be triggered from an S3 event, but SQS cannot ' +
'execute code as its a message queuing service.<br> Reference:<br> ' +
'https://aws.amazon.com/lambda/</div>';
numberText[9] = '10.';
questionText[9] = '<div class=\'default\'>Which AWS Support plan provides general architectural guidance on how services can ' +
'be used for various use-cases, workloads, or applications?</div><div class=\'default\'><table cellpadding=\'0\' cellspacing=\'0\' width=\'95%\' border=\'0\'><tr valign=\'baseline\'><td width=\'4%\'><div class=\'choice\'>a.</div></td><td ' +
'width=\'46%\'><span class=\'default\'>Enterprise</span></td><td width=\'4%\'><div class=\'choice\'>c.</div></td><td ' +
'width=\'46%\'><span class=\'default\'>Basic</span></td></tr><tr valign=\'baseline\'><td><div class=\'choice\'>b.</div></td><td><span ' +
'class=\'default\'>Business</span></td><td><div class=\'choice\'>d.</div></td><td><span ' +
'class=\'default\'>Developer</span></td></tr></table></div>';
answerText[9] = '<div class=\'default\'>D</div><div class=\'default\'>Correct option:<br> Developer – ' +
'AWS recommends Developer Support plan if you are testing or doing early development on AWS and want ' +
'the ability to get email-based technical support during business hours. This plan also supports ' +
'general guidance on how services can be used for various use cases, workloads, or applications. You ' +
'do not get access to Infrastructure Event Management with this plan.<br> Developer ' +
'Support Plan Overview: via – ' +
'https://aws.amazon.com/premiumsupport/plans/developers/<br> Incorrect ' +
'options:<br> Enterprise – AWS Enterprise Support provides customers with ' +
'concierge-like service where the main focus is helping the customer achieve their outcomes and find ' +
'success in the cloud. With Enterprise Support, you get 24×7 technical support from high-quality ' +
'engineers, tools and technology to automatically manage the health of your environment, consultative ' +
'architectural guidance delivered in the context of your applications and use-cases, and a designated ' +
'Technical Account Manager (TAM) to coordinate access to proactive/preventative programs and AWS ' +
'subject matter experts.<br> Business – AWS recommends Business Support if you ' +
'have production workloads on AWS and want 24×7 phone, email and chat access to technical support ' +
'and architectural guidance in the context of your specific use-cases. You get full access to AWS ' +
'Trusted Advisor Best Practice Checks.<br> Basic – The basic plan only ' +
'provides access to the following:<br> Customer Service & Communities – ' +
'24×7 access to customer service, documentation, whitepapers, and support forums. AWS Trusted ' +
'Advisor – Access to the 7 core Trusted Advisor checks and guidance to provision your resources ' +
'following best practices to increase performance and improve security. AWS Personal Health Dashboard ' +
'– A personalized view of the health of AWS services, and alerts when your resources are ' +
'impacted.<br> Reference:<br> ' +
'https://aws.amazon.com/premiumsupport/plans/developers/</div>';
numberText[10] = '11.';
questionText[10] = '<div class=\'default\'>Once an AWS service has been provisioned, it is expected to work uninterrupted ' +
'without any network or access issues. In case of any failures, the service should recover quickly. ' +
'Which pillar of the AWS Well-Architected Framework caters to this ability?</div><div ' +
'class=\'default\'><table cellpadding=\'0\' cellspacing=\'0\' width=\'95%\' border=\'0\'><tr valign=\'baseline\'><td width=\'4%\'><div class=\'choice\'>a.</div></td><td ' +
'width=\'46%\'><span class=\'default\'>Reliability<br></span></td><td width=\'4%\'><div class=\'choice\'>c.</div></td><td ' +
'width=\'46%\'><span class=\'default\'>Performance Efficiency</span></td></tr><tr valign=\'baseline\'><td><div class=\'choice\'>b.</div></td><td><span ' +
'class=\'default\'> Security</span></td><td><div class=\'choice\'>d.</div></td><td><span ' +
'class=\'default\'>Operational Excellence</span></td></tr></table></div>';
answerText[10] = '<div class=\'default\'>A</div><div class=\'default\'>Correct option:<br> ' +
'Reliability<br> The AWS Well-Architected Framework helps you understand the pros ' +
'and cons of decisions you make while building systems on AWS. By using the Framework you will learn ' +
'architectural best practices for designing and operating reliable, secure, efficient, and ' +
'cost-effective systems in the cloud. It provides a way for you to consistently measure your ' +
'architectures against best practices and identify areas for improvement.<br> The ' +
'AWS Well-Architected Framework is based on five pillars — Operational Excellence, Security, ' +
'Reliability, Performance Efficiency, and Cost Optimization.<br> The reliability ' +
'pillar focuses on the ability to prevent, and quickly recover from failures to meet business and ' +
'customer demand. Key topics include foundational elements around setup, cross-project requirements, ' +
'recovery planning, and how we handle change.<br> Incorrect ' +
'options:<br> Operational Excellence – The Operational Excellence pillar ' +
'includes the ability to run and monitor systems to deliver business value and to continually improve ' +
'supporting processes and procedures. In the cloud, you can apply the same engineering discipline that ' +
'you use for application code to your entire environment. You can define your entire workload ' +
'(applications, infrastructure) as code and update it with code. You can implement your operations ' +
'procedures as code and automate their execution by triggering them in response to ' +
'events.<br> Security – The security pillar focuses on protecting information ' +
'& systems. Key topics include confidentiality and integrity of data, identifying and managing who ' +
'can do what with privilege management, protecting systems, and establishing controls to detect ' +
'security events.<br> Performance Efficiency – The performance efficiency ' +
'pillar focuses on using IT and computing resources efficiently. Key topics include selecting the ' +
'right resource types and sizes based on workload requirements, monitoring performance, and making ' +
'informed decisions to maintain efficiency as business needs evolve.<br> ' +
'Reference:<br> https://wa.aws.amazon.com/wat.pillar.reliability.en.html</div>';
numberText[11] = '12.';
questionText[11] = '<div class=\'default\'>An IT company has deployed a static website on S3, but the website is still ' +
'inaccessible. As a Cloud Practioner, which of the following solutions would you suggest to address ' +
'this issue?</div><div class=\'default\'><table cellpadding=\'0\' cellspacing=\'0\' width=\'95%\' border=\'0\'><tr valign=\'baseline\'><td width=\'4%\'><div class=\'choice\'>a.</div></td><td ' +
'width=\'46%\'><span class=\'default\'>Fix the S3 bucket policy</span></td><td width=\'4%\'><div class=\'choice\'>c.</div></td><td ' +
'width=\'46%\'><span class=\'default\'>Disable S3 encryption</span></td></tr><tr valign=\'baseline\'><td><div class=\'choice\'>b.</div></td><td><span ' +
'class=\'default\'>Enable S3 replication</span></td><td><div class=\'choice\'>d.</div></td><td><span ' +
'class=\'default\'>Enable S3 versioning</span></td></tr></table></div>';
answerText[11] = '<div class=\'default\'>A</div><div class=\'default\'>Correct options:<br> Fix the S3 bucket ' +
'policy<br> To host a static website on Amazon S3, you configure an Amazon S3 bucket ' +
'for website hosting and then upload your website content to the bucket. When you configure a bucket ' +
'as a static website, you must enable website hosting, set permissions, and create and add an index ' +
'document.<br> Hosting a static website on Amazon S3: via – ' +
'https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonS3/latest/dev/WebsiteHosting.html<br> If you want ' +
'to configure an existing bucket as a static website that has public access, you must edit block ' +
'public access settings for that bucket. You may also have to edit your account-level block public ' +
'access settings. Amazon S3 applies the most restrictive combination of the bucket-level and ' +
'account-level block public access settings.<br> Here is how you can edit Public ' +
'Access settings for S3 buckets: via – ' +
'https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonS3/latest/dev/WebsiteAccessPermissionsReqd.html<br>Incorrect ' +
'options:<br> Disable S3 encryption<br> Enable S3 ' +
'versioning<br> Enable S3 replication<br> Disabling S3 encryption, ' +
'enabling S3 versioning or replication have no bearing on deploying a static website on S3, so these ' +
'options are not correct.<br> References:<br> ' +
'https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonS3/latest/dev/WebsiteHosting.html<br> ' +
'https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonS3/latest/dev/WebsiteAccessPermissionsReqd.html</div>';
numberText[12] = '13.';
questionText[12] = '<div class=\'default\'>A research lab wants to optimize the caching capabilities for its scientific ' +
'computations application running on EC2 instances. Which EC2 storage option is best suited for this ' +
'use-case?</div><div class=\'default\'><table cellpadding=\'0\' cellspacing=\'0\' width=\'95%\' border=\'0\'><tr valign=\'baseline\'><td width=\'4%\'><div class=\'choice\'>a.</div></td><td ' +
'width=\'46%\'><span class=\'default\'> Amazon EBS</span></td><td width=\'4%\'><div class=\'choice\'>c.</div></td><td ' +
'width=\'46%\'><span class=\'default\'>Amazon EFS</span></td></tr><tr valign=\'baseline\'><td><div class=\'choice\'>b.</div></td><td><span ' +
'class=\'default\'>Amazon EC2 Instance Store</span></td><td><div class=\'choice\'>d.</div></td><td><span ' +
'class=\'default\'>Amazon S3</span></td></tr></table></div>';
answerText[12] = '<div class=\'default\'>B</div><div class=\'default\'>Correct option:<br> Amazon EC2 ' +
'Instance Store<br> An Instance Store provides temporary block-level storage for ' +
'your EC2 instance. This storage is located on disks that are physically attached to the host ' +
'computer. Instance store is ideal for the temporary storage of information that changes frequently, ' +
'such as buffers, caches, scratch data, and other temporary content, or for data that is replicated ' +
'across a fleet of instances, such as a load-balanced pool of web servers. Instance storage is ' +
'temporary, data is lost if instance experiences failure or is terminated.<br> ' +
'Instance Store Overview: via – ' +
'https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/UserGuide/InstanceStorage.html<br> ' +
'Incorrect options:<br> Amazon EBS – Amazon Elastic Block Store (EBS) is an ' +
'easy to use, high-performance block storage service designed for use with Amazon Elastic Compute ' +
'Cloud (EC2) for both throughput and transaction-intensive workloads at any scale. A broad range of ' +
'workloads, such as relational and non-relational databases, enterprise applications, containerized ' +
'applications, big data analytics engines, file systems, and media workflows are widely deployed on ' +
'Amazon EBS. EBS is not a good fit for caching information on EC2 instances.<br> ' +
'Amazon EFS – Amazon Elastic File System (Amazon EFS) provides a simple, scalable, fully ' +
'managed, elastic NFS file system. It is built to scale on-demand to petabytes without disrupting ' +
'applications, growing and shrinking automatically as you add and remove files, eliminating the need ' +
'to provision and manage capacity to accommodate growth. Amazon EFS is designed to provide massively ' +
'parallel shared access to thousands of Amazon EC2 instances, enabling your applications to achieve ' +
'high levels of aggregate throughput and IOPS with consistent low latencies. EFS is not a good fit for ' +
'caching information on EC2 instances.<br> Amazon S3 – Amazon Simple Storage ' +
'Service (Amazon S3) is an object storage service that offers industry-leading scalability, data ' +
'availability, security, and performance. S3 is not a good fit for caching information on EC2 ' +
'instances.<br> Reference:<br> ' +
'https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/UserGuide/InstanceStorage.html</div>';
numberText[13] = '14.';
questionText[13] = '<div class=\'default\'>Amazon Macie discovers and protects your sensitive data on which of the following ' +
'AWS services?</div><div class=\'default\'><table cellpadding=\'0\' cellspacing=\'0\' width=\'95%\' border=\'0\'><tr valign=\'baseline\'><td width=\'4%\'><div class=\'choice\'>a.</div></td><td ' +
'width=\'46%\'><span class=\'default\'>Amazon Elastic File System (Amazon EFS)</span></td><td width=\'4%\'><div class=\'choice\'>c.</div></td><td ' +
'width=\'46%\'><span class=\'default\'>Amazon Elastic Block Store (Amazon EBS)</span></td></tr><tr ' +
'valign=\'baseline\'><td><div class=\'choice\'>b.</div></td><td><span class=\'default\'> AWS Storage ' +
'Gateway</span></td><td><div class=\'choice\'>d.</div></td><td><span class=\'default\'>Amazon Simple Storage ' +
'Service (Amazon S3)</span></td></tr></table></div>';
answerText[13] = '<div class=\'default\'>D</div><div class=\'default\'>Correct option:<br> Amazon Simple ' +
'Storage Service (Amazon S3)<br> Amazon Macie is a fully managed data security and ' +
'data privacy service that uses machine learning and pattern matching to discover and protect your ' +
'sensitive data in AWS. Macie automatically provides an inventory of Amazon S3 buckets including a ' +
'list of unencrypted buckets, publicly accessible buckets, and buckets shared with AWS accounts ' +
'outside those you have defined in AWS Organizations. Then, Macie applies machine learning and pattern ' +
'matching techniques to the buckets you select to identify and alert you to sensitive data, such as ' +
'personally identifiable information (PII).<br> Incorrect ' +
'options:<br> Amazon Elastic Block Store (Amazon EBS) – Amazon Elastic Block ' +
'Store (EBS) is an easy to use, high-performance block storage service designed for use with Amazon ' +
'Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2). Macie is not integrated with EBS.<br> Amazon Elastic ' +
'File System (Amazon EFS) – Amazon Elastic File System (Amazon EFS) provides a simple, scalable, ' +
'fully managed elastic NFS file system for use with AWS Cloud services and on-premises resources. ' +
'Macie is not integrated with EFS.<br> AWS Storage Gateway – AWS Storage ' +
'Gateway is a hybrid cloud storage service that gives you on-premises access to virtually unlimited ' +
'cloud storage. Macie is not integrated with Storage Gateway.<br> ' +
'Reference:<br> https://aws.amazon.com/macie/</div>';
numberText[14] = '15.';
questionText[14] = '<div class=\'default\'>What is the primary benefit of deploying an RDS database in a Read Replica ' +
'configuration?</div><div class=\'default\'><table cellpadding=\'0\' cellspacing=\'0\' width=\'95%\' border=\'0\'><tr valign=\'baseline\'><td width=\'4%\'><div class=\'choice\'>a.</div></td><td ' +
'width=\'46%\'><span class=\'default\'>Read Replica enhances database availability</span></td><td ' +
'width=\'4%\'><div class=\'choice\'>c.</div></td><td width=\'46%\'><span class=\'default\'>Read Replica reduces ' +
'database usage costs</span></td></tr><tr valign=\'baseline\'><td><div class=\'choice\'>b.</div></td><td><span ' +
'class=\'default\'> Read Replica improves database scalability</span></td><td><div ' +
'class=\'choice\'>d.</div></td><td><span class=\'default\'>Read Replica protects the database from a regional ' +
'failure</span></td></tr></table></div>';
answerText[14] = '<div class=\'default\'>B</div><div class=\'default\'>Correct option:<br> Read Replica ' +
'improves database scalability<br> Amazon Relational Database Service (Amazon RDS) ' +
'makes it easy to set up, operate, and scale a relational database in the cloud. Read Replicas allow ' +
'you to create read-only copies that are synchronized with your master database. Read Replicas are ' +
'used for improved read performance. You can also place your read replica in a different AWS Region ' +
'closer to your users for better performance. Read Replicas are an example of horizontal scaling of ' +
'resources.<br> Read Replica Overview: via – ' +
'https://aws.amazon.com/rds/features/multi-az/<br> Exam Alert:<br> ' +
'Please review the differences between Multi-AZ, Multi-Region and Read Replica deployments for ' +
'RDS: via – https://aws.amazon.com/rds/features/multi-az/<br> Incorrect ' +
'options:<br> Read Replica enhances database availability -Amazon RDS Multi-AZ ' +
'deployments provide enhanced availability and durability for RDS database (DB) instances, making them ' +
'a natural fit for production database workloads. When you provision a Multi-AZ DB Instance, Amazon ' +
'RDS automatically creates a primary DB Instance and synchronously replicates the data to a standby ' +
'instance in a different Availability Zone (AZ). Read Replica cannot enhance database ' +
'availability.<br> Read Replica protects the database from a regional failure ' +
'– You need to use RDS in Multi-Region deployment configuration to protect from a regional ' +
'failure. Read Replica cannot protect from a regional failure.<br> Read Replica ' +
'reduces database usage costs – RDS with Read Replicas increases the database costs compared to ' +
'the standard deployment. So this option is incorrect.<br> ' +
'Reference:<br> https://aws.amazon.com/rds/features/multi-az/</div>';
numberText[15] = '16.';
questionText[15] = '<div class=\'default\'>An IT company would like to move its IT infrastructure from an AWS Region in the ' +
'US to another AWS Region in Europe. Which of the following represents the correct solution for this ' +
'use-case?</div><div class=\'default\'><table cellpadding=\'0\' cellspacing=\'0\' width=\'95%\' border=\'0\'><tr valign=\'baseline\'><td width=\'4%\'><div class=\'choice\'>a.</div></td><td ' +
'width=\'46%\'><span class=\'default\'>The company should use CloudFormation to move the resources from source ' +
'AWS Region to destination AWS Region</span></td><td width=\'4%\'><div class=\'choice\'>c.</div></td><td ' +
'width=\'46%\'><span class=\'default\'>The company should raise a ticket with AWS Support for this ' +
'infrastructure migration</span></td></tr><tr valign=\'baseline\'><td><div class=\'choice\'>b.</div></td><td><span ' +
'class=\'default\'>The company should use Database Migration Service to move the resources from source AWS ' +
'Region to destination AWS Region</span></td><td><div class=\'choice\'>d.</div></td><td><span ' +
'class=\'default\'>The company should just start creating new resources in the destination AWS Region and ' +
'then migrate the relevant data and applications into this new AWS ' +
'Region</span></td></tr></table></div>';
answerText[15] = '<div class=\'default\'>D</div><div class=\'default\'>Correct option:<br> The company should ' +
'just start creating new resources in the destination AWS Region and then migrate the relevant data ' +
'and applications into this new AWS Region – The company needs to create resources in the new ' +
'AWS Region and then move the relevant data and applications into the new AWS Region. There is no ' +
'off-the-shelf solution or service that the company can use to facilitate this ' +
'transition.<br> Incorrect options:<br> The company should use ' +
'CloudFormation to move the resources from source AWS Region to destination AWS Region – AWS ' +
'CloudFormation allows you to use programming languages or a simple text file to model and provision, ' +
'in an automated and secure manner, all the resources needed for your applications across all regions ' +
'and accounts. CloudFormation cannot help with IT infrastructure migration.<br> The ' +
'company should use Database Migration Service to move the resources from source AWS Region to ' +
'destination AWS Region – AWS Database Migration Service helps you migrate databases to AWS ' +
'quickly and securely. The source database remains fully operational during the migration, minimizing ' +
'downtime to applications that rely on the database. The AWS Database Migration Service can migrate ' +
'your data to and from the most widely used commercial and open-source databases. Database Migration ' +
'Service cannot help with the entire IT infrastructure migration.<br> The company ' +
'should raise a ticket with AWS Support for this infrastructure migration – This option has been ' +
'added as a distractor. AWS Support cannot help with IT infrastructure migration.</div>';
numberText[16] = '17.';
questionText[16] = '<div class=\'default\'>You want to monitor the CPU utilization of an EC2 resource in AWS. Which of the ' +
'below services can help in this regard?</div><div class=\'default\'><table cellpadding=\'0\' cellspacing=\'0\' width=\'95%\' border=\'0\'><tr valign=\'baseline\'><td width=\'4%\'><div class=\'choice\'>a.</div></td><td ' +
'width=\'46%\'><span class=\'default\'> AWS Config</span></td><td width=\'4%\'><div class=\'choice\'>c.</div></td><td ' +
'width=\'46%\'><span class=\'default\'>AWS Cloudwatch</span></td></tr><tr valign=\'baseline\'><td><div class=\'choice\'>b.</div></td><td><span ' +
'class=\'default\'>AWS Inspector</span></td><td><div class=\'choice\'>d.</div></td><td><span class=\'default\'> AWS Trusted ' +
'Advisor</span></td></tr></table></div>';
answerText[16] = '<div class=\'default\'>C</div><div class=\'default\'>Amazon CloudWatch is a service that monitors AWS cloud ' +
'resources and the applications you run on AWS. You can use Amazon CloudWatch to collect and track ' +
'metrics, collect and monitor log files, set alarms, and automatically react to changes in your AWS ' +
'resources. Amazon CloudWatch can monitor AWS resources such as Amazon EC2 instances, Amazon DynamoDB ' +
'tables, and Amazon RDS DB instances, as well as custom metrics generated by your applications and ' +
'services, and any log files your applications generate.<br> Option A is not ' +
'correct. AWS Config is a service that enables you to assess, audit, and evaluate the configurations ' +
'of your AWS resources.<br> Option B is not correct. Amazon Inspector is an ' +
'automated security assessment service that helps improve the security and compliance of applications ' +
'deployed on AWS.<br> Option D is not correct. AWS Trusted Advisor is an online tool ' +
'that provides real time guidance to help you provision your resources following AWS best ' +
'practices.<br> References:<br> ' +
'https://aws.amazon.com/cloudwatch/</div>';
numberText[17] = '18.';
questionText[17] = '<div class=\'default\'>Which of the following is not a part of the Cloud Computing models?</div><div ' +
'class=\'default\'><table cellpadding=\'0\' cellspacing=\'0\' width=\'95%\' border=\'0\'><tr valign=\'baseline\'><td width=\'4%\'><div class=\'choice\'>a.</div></td><td ' +
'width=\'46%\'><span class=\'default\'>Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)</span></td><td width=\'4%\'><div class=\'choice\'>c.</div></td><td ' +
'width=\'46%\'><span class=\'default\'>Platform as a Service (PaaS)</span></td></tr><tr ' +
'valign=\'baseline\'><td><div class=\'choice\'>b.</div></td><td><span class=\'default\'>Hardware as a Service ' +
'(HaaS)</span></td><td><div class=\'choice\'>d.</div></td><td><span class=\'default\'> Software as a Service ' +
'(SaaS)</span></td></tr></table></div>';
answerText[17] = '<div class=\'default\'>B</div><div class=\'default\'>There are three Cloud Computing Models: ' +
'<br> 1) Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) – Infrastructure as a Service ' +
'(IaaS) contains the basic building blocks for cloud IT and typically provide access to networking ' +
'features, computers (virtual or on dedicated hardware), and data storage space. IaaS provides you ' +
'with the highest level of flexibility and management control over your IT resources and is most ' +
'similar to existing IT resources that many IT departments and developers are familiar with ' +
'today. <br> 2) Platform as a Service (PaaS) – Platform as a ' +
'Service (PaaS) removes the need for your organization to manage the underlying infrastructure ' +
'(usually hardware and operating systems) and allows you to focus on the deployment and management of ' +
'your applications. This helps you be more efficient as you don’t need to worry about resource ' +
'procurement, capacity planning, software maintenance, patching, or any of the other undifferentiated ' +
'heavy lifting involved in running your application. <br> 3) Software as ' +
'a Service (SaaS) – Software as a Service (SaaS) provides you with a completed product that is ' +
'run and managed by the service provider. In most cases, people referring to Software as a Service are ' +
'referring to end-user applications. With a SaaS offering you do not have to think about how the ' +
'service is maintained or how the underlying infrastructure is managed; you only need to think about ' +
'how you will use that particular piece of software. A common example of a SaaS application is ' +
'web-based email which you can use to send and receive email without having to manage feature ' +
'additions to the email product or maintain the servers and operating systems that the email program ' +
'is running on. <br> References: <br> ' +
'https://docs.aws.amazon.com/aws-technical-content/latest/aws-overview/types-of-cloud-computing.html</div>';
numberText[18] = '19.';
questionText[18] = '<div class=\'default\'> Which of the following can be used to control access to your Amazon EC2 ' +
'instances?</div><div class=\'default\'><table cellpadding=\'0\' cellspacing=\'0\' width=\'95%\' border=\'0\'><tr valign=\'baseline\'><td width=\'4%\'><div class=\'choice\'>a.</div></td><td ' +
'width=\'46%\'><span class=\'default\'>DB security groups</span></td><td width=\'4%\'><div class=\'choice\'>c.</div></td><td ' +
'width=\'46%\'><span class=\'default\'> EC2 security groups</span></td></tr><tr valign=\'baseline\'><td><div class=\'choice\'>b.</div></td><td><span ' +
'class=\'default\'> IAM policies</span></td><td><div class=\'choice\'>d.</div></td><td><span ' +
'class=\'default\'>None of these</span></td></tr></table></div>';
answerText[18] = '<div class=\'default\'>C</div><div class=\'default\'> Security groups are used to define and control the way ' +
'you want your instances to be accessed, and whether or not certain kind of communications is allowed. ' +
'AWS security groups provide security at the protocol and port access level. You can add rules to each ' +
'security group that allow traffic to or from its associated instances.<br> Option A ' +
'is not correct. DB security groups are used to control access to the databases.<br> ' +
'Option B is not correct.IAM policies are used to grant users permissions to perform specific actions ' +
'on EC2. A user can only access the instance and perform these actions if his IP address is allowed in ' +
'the security group that is attached to the instance. In brief, security groups are used to control ' +
'who can access the instance. IAM policies are used to control what actions can a specific user ' +
'perform after accessing the instance.<br> References:<br> ' +
'https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/UserGuide/UsingIAM.html<br> ' +
'https://docs.aws.amazon.com/vpc/latest/userguide/VPC_SecurityGroups.html</div>';
numberText[19] = '20.';
questionText[19] = '<div class=\'default\'>You want to run a questionnaire application for only one day (without ' +
'interruption), which AWS EC2 purchase option would you choose?</div><div class=\'default\'><table cellpadding=\'0\' cellspacing=\'0\' width=\'95%\' border=\'0\'><tr valign=\'baseline\'><td width=\'4%\'><div class=\'choice\'>a.</div></td><td ' +
'width=\'46%\'><span class=\'default\'>Reserved instances</span></td><td width=\'4%\'><div class=\'choice\'>c.</div></td><td ' +
'width=\'46%\'><span class=\'default\'>Dedicated instances</span></td></tr><tr valign=\'baseline\'><td><div class=\'choice\'>b.</div></td><td><span ' +
'class=\'default\'>Spot instances</span></td><td><div class=\'choice\'>d.</div></td><td><span ' +
'class=\'default\'>On-demand instances</span></td></tr></table></div>';
answerText[19] = '<div class=\'default\'>D</div><div class=\'default\'>With On-Demand instances, you pay for compute capacity ' +
'by the hour with no long-term commitments. You can increase or decrease your compute capacity ' +
'depending on the demands of your application and only pay the specified hourly rate for the instances ' +
'you use. The use of On-Demand instances frees you from the costs and complexities of planning, ' +
'purchasing, and maintaining hardware and transforms what are commonly large fixed costs into much ' +
'smaller variable costs. On-Demand instances also remove the need to buy “safety net” ' +
'capacity to handle periodic traffic spikes.<br> Option A is not correct. Reserved ' +
'instances are not appropriate in this case because you have to purchase capacity for at least one ' +
'year.<br> Option B is not correct. Spot is not a good choice as the application ' +
'must run without interruption.<br> Option C is not correct. Dedicated instances can ' +
'be used if you require your instance be physically isolated at the host hardware level from instances ' +
'that belong to other AWS accounts.<br> References: <br> ' +
'https://d1.awsstatic.com/whitepapers/aws-overview.pdf</div>';
numberText[20] = '21.';
questionText[20] = '<div class=\'default\'>A company decides to migrate its Oracle database to AWS. Which AWS service can ' +
'help achieve this without negatively impacting the functionality of the source ' +
'database?<br></div><div class=\'default\'><table cellpadding=\'0\' cellspacing=\'0\' width=\'95%\' border=\'0\'><tr valign=\'baseline\'><td width=\'4%\'><div class=\'choice\'>a.</div></td><td ' +
'width=\'46%\'><span class=\'default\'>RDS Multi-AZ</span></td><td width=\'4%\'><div class=\'choice\'>c.</div></td><td ' +
'width=\'46%\'><span class=\'default\'> AWS Application Discovery Service</span></td></tr><tr ' +
'valign=\'baseline\'><td><div class=\'choice\'>b.</div></td><td><span class=\'default\'>AWS Server Migration ' +
'Service</span></td><td><div class=\'choice\'>d.</div></td><td><span class=\'default\'>AWS Database Migration ' +
'Service</span></td></tr></table></div>';
answerText[20] = '<div class=\'default\'>D</div><div class=\'default\'>AWS Database Migration Service (DMS) helps you migrate ' +
'databases to AWS easily and securely. The source database remains fully operational during the ' +
'migration, minimizing downtime to applications that rely on the database. The AWS Database Migration ' +
'Service can migrate your data to and from most widely used commercial and open-source databases. The ' +
'service supports homogeneous migrations such as Oracle to Oracle, as well as heterogeneous migrations ' +
'between different database platforms, such as Oracle to Amazon Aurora or Microsoft SQL Server to ' +
'MySQL. It also allows you to stream data to Amazon Redshift from any of the supported sources ' +
'including Amazon Aurora, PostgreSQL, MySQL, MariaDB, Oracle, SAP ASE, and SQL Server, enabling ' +
'consolidation and easy analysis of data in the petabyte-scale data warehouse. AWS Database Migration ' +
'Service can also be used for continuous data replication with high availability. ' +
'<br> Option A is not correct. RDS Multi-AZ is a feature of Amazon RDS that is used ' +
'to increase the availability of the database.<br> Option B is not correct. AWS ' +
'Server Migration Service (SMS) is used to migrate your on-premises workloads to ' +
'AWS.<br> Option C is not correct. AWS Application Discovery Service helps ' +
'enterprise customers plan migration projects by gathering information about their on-premises data ' +
'centers.<br> References: <br> ' +
'https://d1.awsstatic.com/whitepapers/aws-overview.pdf</div>';
numberText[21] = '22.';
questionText[21] = '<div class=\'default\'>A company has developed an eCommerce web application and the application needs an ' +
'uptime of at least 99.5%. Which of the following deployment strategies should they use?<br></div><div ' +
'class=\'default\'><table cellpadding=\'0\' cellspacing=\'0\' width=\'95%\' border=\'0\'><tr valign=\'baseline\'><td width=\'4%\'><div class=\'choice\'>a.</div></td><td ' +
'width=\'46%\'><span class=\'default\'> Deploying the application across multiple VPC’s</span></td><td ' +
'width=\'4%\'><div class=\'choice\'>c.</div></td><td width=\'46%\'><span class=\'default\'>Deploying the application ' +
'across Edge locations</span></td></tr><tr valign=\'baseline\'><td><div class=\'choice\'>b.</div></td><td><span ' +
'class=\'default\'>Deploying the application across multiple Regions<br></span></td><td><div ' +
'class=\'choice\'>d.</div></td><td><span class=\'default\'>Deploying the application across multiple ' +
'subnets</span></td></tr></table></div>';
answerText[21] = '<div class=\'default\'>B</div><div class=\'default\'>The AWS Global infrastructure is built around Regions ' +
'and Availability Zones (AZs). Each AWS Region is a separate geographic area. Each AWS Region has ' +
'multiple, isolated locations known as Availability Zones. Availability Zones in a region are ' +
'connected with low latency, high throughput, and highly redundant networking. These Availability ' +
'Zones offer AWS customers an easier and more effective way to design and operate applications and ' +
'databases, making them more highly available, fault tolerant, and scalable than traditional single ' +
'datacenter infrastructures or multi-datacenter infrastructures.<br> In addition to ' +
'replicating applications and data across multiple data centers in the same Region using Availability ' +
'Zones, you can also choose to increase redundancy and fault tolerance further by replicating data ' +
'between geographic Regions (especially if you are serving customers from all over the world). You can ' +
'do so using both private, high speed networking and public internet connections to provide an ' +
'additional layer of business continuity, or to provide low latency access across the ' +
'globe.<br> Option A is not correct. VPC refers to the virtual private cloud which ' +
'is a virtual network that you define. Deploying the application across multiple VPC’s in the ' +
'same region will not help your global customers. This option can only be true if the VPCs are created ' +
'in multiple regions worldwide.<br> Option C is not correct. Edge locations are not ' +
'used to host applications. Edge locations are used by CloudFront to cache and distribute content to ' +
'your global customers with low latency.<br> Option D is not correct. A subnet is a ' +
'range of IP addresses in your VPC.<br> References:<br> ' +
'https://aws.amazon.com/about-aws/global-infrastructure/</div>';
numberText[22] = '23.';
questionText[22] = '<div class=\'default\'>Which of the following services provides object-level storage in ' +
'AWS?<br></div><div class=\'default\'><table cellpadding=\'0\' cellspacing=\'0\' width=\'95%\' border=\'0\'><tr valign=\'baseline\'><td width=\'4%\'><div class=\'choice\'>a.</div></td><td ' +
'width=\'46%\'><span class=\'default\'>Amazon EBS</span></td><td width=\'4%\'><div class=\'choice\'>c.</div></td><td ' +
'width=\'46%\'><span class=\'default\'>Amazon Storage Gateway</span></td></tr><tr valign=\'baseline\'><td><div class=\'choice\'>b.</div></td><td><span ' +
'class=\'default\'>Amazon S3</span></td><td><div class=\'choice\'>d.</div></td><td><span ' +
'class=\'default\'>Amazon SQS</span></td></tr></table></div>';
answerText[22] = '<div class=\'default\'>B</div><div class=\'default\'>Amazon S3 is an object level storage built to store and ' +
'retrieve any amount of data from anywhere – web sites and mobile apps, corporate applications, ' +
'and data from IoT sensors or devices. It is designed to deliver 99.999999999% durability, and stores ' +
'data for millions of applications used by market leaders in every industry.<br> ' +
'Option A is not correct. Amazon EBS is a block level storage technology.<br> Option ' +
'C is not correct. AWS Storage Gateway is a hybrid storage service that enables your on-premises ' +
'applications to seamlessly use AWS cloud storage. The gateway connects to AWS storage services ' +
'– such as Amazon S3 (which is object level) and Amazon EBS (which is block level) – and ' +
'provides storage for files, volumes, snapshots, and virtual tapes in AWS.<br> ' +
'Option D is not correct. Amazon SQS is not a storage service. It is a message queue service that ' +
'enables you to decouple microservices, distributed systems, and serverless ' +
'applications.<br> References:<br> ' +
'https://aws.amazon.com/s3/</div>';
numberText[23] = '24.';
questionText[23] = '<div class=\'default\'>Which service provides DNS in the AWS cloud?</div><div class=\'default\'><table cellpadding=\'0\' cellspacing=\'0\' width=\'95%\' border=\'0\'><tr valign=\'baseline\'><td width=\'4%\'><div class=\'choice\'>a.</div></td><td ' +
'width=\'46%\'><span class=\'default\'>Route 53</span></td><td width=\'4%\'><div class=\'choice\'>c.</div></td><td ' +
'width=\'46%\'><span class=\'default\'>Direct Connect</span></td></tr><tr valign=\'baseline\'><td><div class=\'choice\'>b.</div></td><td><span ' +
'class=\'default\'>VPC</span></td><td><div class=\'choice\'>d.</div></td><td><span ' +
'class=\'default\'>VPN</span></td></tr></table></div>';
answerText[23] = '<div class=\'default\'>A</div><div class=\'default\'>Amazon Route 53 provides highly available and scalable ' +
'Domain Name System (DNS) services, domain name registration, and health-checking web services. It is ' +
'designed to give developers and businesses an extremely reliable and cost effective way to route end ' +
'users to Internet applications by translating names like example.com into the numeric IP addresses, ' +
'such as 192.0.2.1, that computers use to connect to each other.<br> Option B is not ' +
'correct. Amazon VPC allows you to create a virtual network in the cloud.<br> Option ' +
'C is not correct. AWS Direct Connect is a cloud service solution that is used to establish a ' +
'dedicated network connection from your premises to AWS.<br> Option D is not ' +
'correct. AWS Virtual Private Network (AWS VPN) is used to establish a secure and private tunnel from ' +
'your network or device to the AWS global network.<br> ' +
'References:<br> https://aws.amazon.com/route53/</div>';
numberText[24] = '25.';
questionText[24] = '<div class=\'default\'>A company has a DevOps team in its organizational structure. They are looking ' +
'forward to moving to the AWS Cloud. They are wondering if there is an AWS service that can help them ' +
'manage infrastructure as code. Which of the following would you suggest for them?</div><div ' +
'class=\'default\'><table cellpadding=\'0\' cellspacing=\'0\' width=\'95%\' border=\'0\'><tr valign=\'baseline\'><td width=\'4%\'><div class=\'choice\'>a.</div></td><td ' +
'width=\'46%\'><span class=\'default\'>AWS Inspector</span></td><td width=\'4%\'><div class=\'choice\'>c.</div></td><td ' +
'width=\'46%\'><span class=\'default\'>AWS CloudFormation</span></td></tr><tr valign=\'baseline\'><td><div class=\'choice\'>b.</div></td><td><span ' +
'class=\'default\'>AWS Config</span></td><td><div class=\'choice\'>d.</div></td><td><span class=\'default\'>. Amazon ' +
'EMR</span></td></tr></table></div>';
answerText[24] = '<div class=\'default\'>C</div><div class=\'default\'><br> AWS CloudFormation is a service ' +
'that helps you model and set up your Amazon Web Services resources so that you can spend less time ' +
'managing those resources and more time focusing on your applications that run in AWS. You create a ' +
'template that describes all the AWS resources that you want (like Amazon EC2 instances or Amazon RDS ' +
'DB instances), and AWS CloudFormation takes care of provisioning and configuring those resources for ' +
'you. You don’t need to individually create and configure AWS resources and figure out ' +
'what’s dependent on what; AWS CloudFormation handles all of that.<br> Option ' +
'A is not correct. Amazon Inspector is an automated security assessment service that helps improve the ' +
'security and compliance of applications deployed on AWS.<br> Option B is not ' +
'correct. AWS Config is a service that enables you to assess, audit, and evaluate the configurations ' +
'of your AWS resources.<br> Option D is not correct. Amazon EMR is used to run and ' +
'scale Apache Spark, Hadoop, HBase, Presto, Hive, and other Big Data Frameworks.<br> ' +
'References:<br> ' +
'https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSCloudFormation/latest/UserGuide/Welcome.html</div>';
numberText[25] = '26.';
questionText[25] = '<div class=\'default\'>When using on-demand instances in AWS, which of the following is a false statement ' +
'about its cost?<br></div><div class=\'default\'><table cellpadding=\'0\' cellspacing=\'0\' width=\'95%\' border=\'0\'><tr valign=\'baseline\'><td width=\'4%\'><div class=\'choice\'>a.</div></td><td ' +
'width=\'46%\'><span class=\'default\'>There are no upfront costs for the instance</span></td><td ' +
'width=\'4%\'><div class=\'choice\'>c.</div></td><td width=\'46%\'><span class=\'default\'> You are charged per second ' +
'based on an hourly rate</span></td></tr><tr valign=\'baseline\'><td><div class=\'choice\'>b.</div></td><td><span ' +
'class=\'default\'>You have to pay the termination fees if you terminate the instance</span></td><td><div ' +
'class=\'choice\'>d.</div></td><td><span class=\'default\'>You pay only for what you ' +
'use.</span></td></tr></table></div>';
answerText[25] = '<div class=\'default\'>B</div><div class=\'default\'> You don’t have to pay any fees when ' +
'terminating your EC2 Instances.<br> References:<br> ' +
'https://aws.amazon.com/ec2/pricing/</div>';
numberText[26] = '27.';
questionText[26] = '<div class=\'default\'> A company is planning to develop an application consisting of hundreds of ' +
'microservices. They decide to host the application on the AWS Cloud. Since there are a large number ' +
'of services produced by the application, it needs a powerful tool for analysis and debugging. Which ' +
'of the following services can best meet this requirement?</div><div class=\'default\'><table cellpadding=\'0\' cellspacing=\'0\' width=\'95%\' border=\'0\'><tr valign=\'baseline\'><td width=\'4%\'><div class=\'choice\'>a.</div></td><td ' +
'width=\'46%\'><span class=\'default\'>AWS OpsWorks</span></td><td width=\'4%\'><div class=\'choice\'>c.</div></td><td ' +
'width=\'46%\'><span class=\'default\'>Amazon Aurora</span></td></tr><tr valign=\'baseline\'><td><div class=\'choice\'>b.</div></td><td><span ' +
'class=\'default\'>AWS CloudWatch</span></td><td><div class=\'choice\'>d.</div></td><td><span class=\'default\'> AWS ' +
'X-Ray</span></td></tr></table></div>';
answerText[26] = '<div class=\'default\'>D</div><div class=\'default\'>AWS X-Ray helps developers analyze and debug production, ' +
'distributed applications, such as those built using a microservices architecture. With X-Ray, you can ' +
'understand how your application and its underlying services are performing to identify and ' +
'troubleshoot the root cause of performance issues and errors. X-Ray provides an end-to-end view of ' +
'requests as they travel through your application, and shows a map of your application’s ' +
'underlying components. You can use X-Ray to analyze both applications in development and in ' +
'production, from simple three-tier applications to complex microservices applications consisting of ' +
'thousands of services.<br> Option A is not correct. AWS OpsWorks is a configuration ' +
'management service that provides managed instances of Chef and Puppet.<br> Option B ' +
'is not correct. The main purpose of the AWS CloudWatch is to monitor the utilization of your AWS ' +
'resources.<br> Option C is not correct. Amazon Aurora is a database ' +
'service.<br> References:<br> https://aws.amazon.com/xray/</div>';
numberText[27] = '28.';
questionText[27] = '<div class=\'default\'> Upgrading a server with a larger hard drive is an example of __________ , while ' +
'adding more hard drives to a storage array is an example of __________ .<br></div><div ' +
'class=\'default\'><table cellpadding=\'0\' cellspacing=\'0\' width=\'95%\' border=\'0\'><tr valign=\'baseline\'><td width=\'4%\'><div class=\'choice\'>a.</div></td><td ' +
'width=\'46%\'><span class=\'default\'> Vertical Scaling, Horizontal Scaling.<br></span></td><td ' +
'width=\'4%\'><div class=\'choice\'>c.</div></td><td width=\'46%\'><span class=\'default\'>Horizontal Scaling, ' +
'Vertical Scaling.</span></td></tr><tr valign=\'baseline\'><td><div class=\'choice\'>b.</div></td><td><span ' +
'class=\'default\'>Vertical Scaling, Vertical Scaling.</span></td><td><div ' +
'class=\'choice\'>d.</div></td><td><span class=\'default\'>Horizontal Scaling, Horizontal ' +
'Scaling.</span></td></tr></table></div>';
answerText[27] = '<div class=\'default\'>A</div><div class=\'default\'><br> ** Scaling ' +
'Vertically:<br> Scaling vertically takes place through an increase in the ' +
'specifications of an individual resource (e.g., upgrading a server with a larger hard drive, adding ' +
'more memory, or provisioning a faster CPU). On Amazon EC2,this can easily be achieved by stopping an ' +
'instance and resizing it to an instance type that has more RAM, CPU, IO,or networking capabilities. ' +
'This way of scaling can eventually hit a limit and it is not always a cost efficient or highly ' +
'available approach. However, it is very easy to implement and can be sufficient for many use cases ' +
'especially in the short term.<br> ** Scaling Horizontally:<br> ' +
'Scaling horizontally takes place through an increase in the number of resources (e.g., adding more ' +
'hard drives to a storage array or adding more servers to support an application). This is a great way ' +
'to build Internet-scale applications that leverage the elasticity of cloud ' +
'computing.<br> References:<br> ' +
'https://d1.awsstatic.com/whitepapers/AWS_Cloud_Best_Practices.pdf</div>';
numberText[28] = '29.';
questionText[28] = '<div class=\'default\'>A user is planning to host a scalable, dynamic web application on AWS. Which ' +
'service may not be required by the user to achieve automated scalability?<br></div><div ' +
'class=\'default\'><table cellpadding=\'0\' cellspacing=\'0\' width=\'95%\' border=\'0\'><tr valign=\'baseline\'><td width=\'4%\'><div class=\'choice\'>a.</div></td><td ' +
'width=\'46%\'><span class=\'default\'>CloudWatch</span></td><td width=\'4%\'><div class=\'choice\'>c.</div></td><td ' +
'width=\'46%\'><span class=\'default\'>AutoScaling</span></td></tr><tr valign=\'baseline\'><td><div class=\'choice\'>b.</div></td><td><span ' +
'class=\'default\'>S3</span></td><td><div class=\'choice\'>d.</div></td><td><span class=\'default\'>AWS EC2 ' +
'instances</span></td></tr></table></div>';
answerText[28] = '<div class=\'default\'>B</div><div class=\'default\'><br> The question asks for the service ' +
'that may NOT be required by the user when architecting for an automatically scalable ' +
'application.<br> S3 is not required, and thus is the correct ' +
'answer.<br> The user can achieve automated scalability by configuring the ' +
'AutoScaling service to run the required number of EC2 instances based on the conditions that he ' +
'define. Cloudwatch is used to monitor the utilization of the running instances and allow AutoScaling ' +
'to automatically scale up (by launching more instances) or down (by terminating instances) based on ' +
'changes on demand.<br> Based on the application requirements, a developer may ' +
'decide not to use S3. The storage resource in this case will be the EBS volumes that are attached to ' +
'the Amazon EC2 instances.<br> References:<br> ' +